几乎每个房主一生中都会涉及到房屋贷款的问题,除了考虑利率,贷款时还有一个重要条件就是需要了解如果房屋贷款提前违约罚金如何计算的问题,而这又恰恰是许多人忽略了的一个概念,媒体报道因此被罚数万元利息的案例比比皆是,因此贷款时一定要考虑到自己的实际情况选择合适的贷款条件。

常见贷款违约原因
抵押贷款合同的当前条件不再满足借方需求时,若想在任期结束前进行更改,可以重新协商房屋贷款合同,这也被称为违反合同或者违约。这种情况其实有时是不可避免的,比如:
利率下降了:即使考虑到罚款,获得新的抵押贷款也可以降低总支出。
财务状况发生了变化:如果他们的财务受到打击,有些人会选择以更长的摊销期限进行加按(Refinance)或提前还款。
打算购买新房并计划搬家:对于近期希望升级或搬家的人来说,可能需要新的贷款
家庭情况发生了变化:孩子问题,夫妻问题,导致可能需要出售或重新贷款
不再需要房屋:也许您需要搬迁到另一个国家工作或不再想要房子
拓展阅读:贷款利率扫盲
贷款合同违约成本
贷款违约的罚金取决于借方拥有的贷款类型以及还欠多少。
如果借方用的是开放式贷款,那取消合约没有任何罚金;但现实是大多数人都为了更低的利率选择了封闭式贷款,因此面对的罚金可能包括:
提前还款罚金(prepayment penalty)
管理费(Administration Fees)
评估费(Appraisal Fees)
重新投资费(Reinvestment Fees)
一笔贷款解除费(Mortgage Discharge Fee),以取消您当前抵押贷款的费用并注册新的抵押贷款
使用的公式基于当前贷款是固定利率还是浮动利率。
为什么会有违约罚金
据贷款经纪KEVIN ZHANG介绍,一般房贷是3-5年一签,到期以后根据当时的市场利率再重新签新的还款计划。但是经常因为各种各样的原因,大家需要提前付清房贷或者转贷款,这时候就会涉及到违约金的处理了。
即使是自住房,大部分人也不会一辈子只供这一套的,升级大房或者换成小房是经常发生的事情,只要你做房贷,一生中一定会遇到一次需要提前还款的问题。
浮动利率违约罚金
只罚三个月利息,这是非常灵活的一种选择。如果你现在月供2500,其中本金1500,利息1000。
那么你违约时就会罚1000×3=3000罚金
固定利率罚金
选择这种利率,银行承担了所有的通货膨胀风险,不论货币再贬值,实际利率再高,你都只需要付当初约定的利息。坏处就是这种利率不可以违约,一旦违约罚金会是天文数字。
你签5年固定也就是60个月,贷款50万,挂牌利率3%,签约利率2%,如果你在一年以后想卖房,那就涉及到违约金。
固定利率是罚剩余所有时间的利息差,如果一年以后利率是还是2%,那你需要付
(3%-2%)/12×48×500000=20000
罚金将会是$20000
如何避免罚金
如果是固定利率,只要你在同一个银行继续贷款,可以porting把旧贷款转到新房,可以无罚金换房。
浮动利率没有任何免罚金技巧,只能等合约结束才能无罚金换房。
所有的A类大银行,B类小银行都执行这一套罚金政策,不存在大银行罚的少,小银行更坑。如果你遇到巨额罚金,不会是银行的原因,一定是因为你选的是固定利率。
除此以外,有一种房贷产品会罚比固定利率更多的罚金,通常出现在大银行的一些超低利率折扣项目上,买房时不要只看利率高低,一定要问清楚罚金这一块,不要为了低0.1%的利率而去签那种特殊项目。(转载)
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